ABSTRACT
This paper introduces professor SUN Shen-tian's clinical thoughts and his characteristics of acupuncture techniques for the treatment of depression based on "psychosomatic medicine". Professor SUN, the master of traditional Chinese medicine, believes that depression refers to comorbidity of "heart mind" and "body", resulting from the "body-mind" disharmony, specially dominated by the emotional disorder. This disease is located in the brain, with the injury of mind and closely related to the heart and liver dysfunction. In pathogenesis, the dysfunction of brain mind and the unhealthy conditions of body and mind are involved. The treatment should focus on "regulating the mind, improving the intelligence, co-modulating the abdominal and brain functions and treating the physical and mental disorders". Baihui (GV 20), Ningshen (Extra) and emotional area on the head are selected as the main points to benefit the intelligence and calming down the mind; the abdominal region 1 and region 8 of "Sun's abdominal acupuncture" are used as the main points of the abdomen to regulate the brain functions. The point prescription is modified according to the symptoms and etiologies. The repeated transcranial acupuncture stimulation and electroacupuncture at low frequency (2 Hz) are crucial to the therapeutic effect. Reliving anxious emotions is specially considered before acupuncture, and the mind is protected and deqi is consolidated during acupuncture.
Subject(s)
Humans , Depression/therapy , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy/methods , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , AcupunctureABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of Bmi-1 expression on the chemosensitivity of THP-1 cells and its relative mechanism.@*METHODS@#The pGenesil-2-Bmi-1 1 siRNA, p-MSCV-Bmi-1 plasmid was transfected into THP-1 cells to reduce or increase the expression of Bmi-1. The expression of Bmi-1 mRNA and protein was verified by PCR and Western blot. The effect of camptothecin (CPT) on the proliferation and chemosensitivity of THP-1 cells affected by Bmi-1 gene were detected by MTT assay. The expression of DNA double-strand breaks marker-γ-H2AX was detected by immunofluorescence assay. Mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis were observed by flow cytometry. The expression of Cytochrome C, Caspase 3, Bax and BCL-2 was detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#Silencing Bmi-1 could inhibit proliferation and enhance the sensitivity of THP-1 cells to CPT, while overexpressed Bmi-1 could promote the cell proliferation and attenucate sensitivity of THP-1 cells to CPT. Silencing Bmi-1 could enhance CPT-induced DNA double-strand breaks, decrease mitochondrial membrane potential and promote CPT-induced apoptosis. While increasing Bmi-1 gene expression could attenuate CPT-induced DNA double-strand breaks, enhamce mitochondrial membrane potential and significantly reduce CPT-induced apoptosis of cells.@*CONCLUSION@#Bmi-1 expression could influence the sensitivity of THP-1 cells to CPT, and its relative mechanism may relate to DNA double-strand breaks and endogenous apoptotic pathways.
Subject(s)
Apoptosis , Camptothecin/pharmacology , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , THP-1 CellsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of Bmi-1 gene silencing on drug resistance of leukemia cell K562/ADR and to explore its possible mechanism.@*METHODS@#After two sequences of Bmi-1-siRNA were transfected into drug-resistant K562/ADR cells, the mRNA and protein expressions of Bmi-1 gene were detected. After Bmi-1 gene silencing the expression of P-gp and MDR1 were detected and the accumulation of doxorubicin in K562/ADR cells were detected by flow cytometry to determine the effect of Bmi-1 gene silencing on drug resistance of K562/ADR cells. The protein expression of NF-κB was analyzed after Bmi-1 gene silencing. Then after K562/ADR cells were treated with NF-κB inhibitor PDTC, the protein expression of P-gp and its functional changes were analyzed to determine the effect of NF-κB on drug resistance of leukemia cells. The protein expressions of PTEN, AKT and p-AKT after Bmi-1 gene silencing were detected and the effect of Bmi-1 gene silencing on PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in drug-resistant cells was determined. After K562/ADR cells were treated with PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitor LY294002, the protein expressions of NF-κB and P-gp were analyzed to determine the regulation of AKT on the expression of NF-κB and P-gp. The protein expressions of AKT, p-AKT, NF-κB and P-gp were detected after the Bmi-1-siRNA transfected cells were treated by PTEN inhibitor BPV. Above-mentioned expression of mRNA was detected by RT-PCR, and the protein expression was detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#The expression of Bmi-1 gene in K562/ADR cells decreased at both mRNA and protein levels and the doxorubicin accumulation increased after Bmi-1 gene silencing. The expression of MDR1/P-gp in Bmi-1-siRNA transfected cells was lower than that in K562/ADR cells (P＜0.05). After Bmi-1 gene silencing, the activity of NF-κB decreased. The activity of NF-κB and P-gp expression was inhibited and the function of P-gp in K562/ADR cells was reduced by using NF-κB inhibitor (PDTC). The protein expression of PTEN increased while the protein expression of p-AKT decreased after Bmi-1 gene silencing (P＜0.05). The protein expressions of p-AKT, P-gp and the activity of NF-κB were inhibited significantly by using PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 (P＜0.05). After the Bmi-1-siRNA transfected cells were treated by PTEN inhibitor BPV, the activity of NF-κB and the protein expressions of P-gp were restored.@*CONCLUSION@#Bmi-1 plays a key role in MDR-mediated multidrug resistance in K562/ADR cells, which may be mediated by activating PTEN/AKT pathway to regulate NF-κB.
Subject(s)
Humans , Doxorubicin , Drug Resistance, Multiple , Drug Resistance, Neoplasm , K562 Cells , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 7ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the treatment of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and to comparatively study on the protection of side support by using the active and passive expansion technique.Method 78 patients with coronary artery disease were protected by using balloon technique, there were two groups: the active expansion group (n=41) and the side support balloon (n=37), the TIMI classification、myocardial perfusion rating (MBG), TIMI myocardial perfusion rating (TMP) and the incidence of marginal vascular interlayer were observed and analyzed. Results After the main support was put in, the proportion of patients with side branches of TIMI、 MBG and TMP was at level 3 and the proportion of patients with active balloon expansion was 93％, the margin expansion group was 84％, the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05); the incidence of intersecting vascular interlayer in active dilatation group was 24％, the margin expansion group was 8％, and there were statistical differences (P＜0.05). Conclusions Using the technique of holding balloon to protect the side branches, both the active expansion of the side support balloon and the expansion of the side support balloon can significantly reduce the risk of the main stent placement in the posterior branch of the blood vessel, however the incidence of side branch vascular interlayer was lower.
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Objective To improve the diagnosis and treatment of type Ⅰ autoimmune pancreatitis, a study was carried out to summarize the epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations and diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP).Methods This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of all the patients diagnosed with AIP from January 1998 to December 2016 in the ward of Peking union medical college hospital.Results 194 type 1 AIP patients were enrolled in this study.The M/F ratio of the disease was 3.51/1,with an average age of 57±15 years.The most common symptom is jaundice, abdominal pain and weight loss.The most common diseases of the pancreas are sclerosing cholangitis, salivary glands, IgG4 nephropathy.There are 36.68 percent of AIP patients with diabetes mellitus.IgG4, ANA, ESR, c-reactive protein and CA199 are all contribute to disease diagnosis and follow-up.Pathology, pet-CT and hormone therapy response all contribute to the diagnosis of AIP.Conclusions As a systemic disease, the type 1 AIP has special clinical features and laboratory profiles.The diagnosis of AIP can be applied in many ways.
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Daturae Flos (flowers of Datura metel) is recorded by Chinese Pharmacopoeia for its important medicinal property. The most characteristic chemical constituents in Daturae Flos are withanolides, flavonoids, and alkaloids. There are also sesquiterpenoids, phenolic acid, and lignans in it. Daturae Flos has various pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammation, anti-itching, cytoprotection, antibacterial effects, antioxidation, and so on. Daturae Flos also has the effect on epithelial cells mitosis and skin keratinization, immune system, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, and respiratory system. It is usually used to treat psoriasis, chronic tracheitis, asthma, infantile pneumonia, Parkinson disease, and rheumatism. In this paper, we summarize the chemical composition, pharmacyological effects, and clinical curative effect of Daturae Flos to prompt the development and utilization of them.
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Objective To explore risk factors of recurrence in papillary thyroid microcarcinomas ( PTMC ) and papillary thyroid carcinomas with 1-2 cm diameter. Methods From January, 2008 to December, 2010 in PLA General Hospital, 323 eligible patients received first surgery and diagnosed pathologically with papillary thyroid cancer≤2 cm were analyzed retrospectively. According to rumor size, patients were divided into PTMC and PTC of 1-2 cm, which were investigated recurrence factors. Results Finally we indentified 320 PTC≤2 cm, including 218 (68.1%)PTMCand102(31.9%)PTCof1-2cmwithamedianfollow-uptimeof72.5(55-90)months.32cases (10%)of patients relapse, includig 22 cases(10%)in PTMC and 10 cases(9. 8%)in PTC of 1-2 cm. In the clinical characteristics analyses of PTC≤2 cm, the PTC of 1-2 cm was different from PTMC in age, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. The univariate analysis showed that tumor location and lymph node metastasis influenced recurrence of PTMC and PTC of 1-2 cm,while tumor foci and extrathytoidal extension were risk factors of recurrence in PTMC but not in PTC of 1-2 cm. Lymph node metastasis was independent factor which influenced the recurrence of PTMC and PT C of 1-2 cm according to COX multivariate analysis. Conclusion Disease recurrence did not differ significantly between the PTMC and PTC of 1-2 cm and lymph node metastasis was an independent recurrence factor.
ABSTRACT
Since the 13C-urea breath test [UBT] has become a highly reliable method for the noninvasive diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection, this study was performed in order to compare the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy among noninvasive tests including capsule UBT, conventional UBT and serology in the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. One hundred patients received capsule UBT, conventional UBT and gave blood samples for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed in all patients. H. pylori infection was defined as the presence of a positive culture or positive results of both histology and rapid urease test [CLO test]. McNemar's test was used to determine the significance of differences among capsule UBT, conventional UBT and serology. Differences were considered significant at p < 0.05. According to the predefined criteria, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of capsule UBT, conventional UBT and serology was 100, 95.7, 96.4 and 100%; 100, 85.1, 88.3 and 100%, and 90.6, 85.1, 82.7 and 88.9%, respectively. The accuracy of capsule UBT was higher than that of conventional UBT and serology [98 vs. 93 and 88%, respectively]. Capsule UBT had a similar ability for the detection of H. pylori infection compared with conventional UBT and serology [McNemar's test, p > 0.05]. According to our study, capsule UBT was highly accurate compared with other noninvasive tests including conventional UBT and serology. It could become a good alternative to endoscopy for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection